micrococcus luteus ph range

DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY: Micrococcus spp. It showed highest (99.7 %) 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Micrococcus yunnanensis YIM 65004T followed by Micrococcus luteus NCTC 2665T (99.6 %) and Micrococcus endophyticus YIM Gloves when direct skin contact with infected materials or animals is unavoidable(11). SOURCES/SPECIMENS: Skin (particularly in exposed regions of the body) of humans and animals, dairy products, and various environmental sources, including soil, marine and fresh water, plants, fomites, dust, and air(2,3). Transmission usually occurs through contaminated surfaces and/or objects. Micrococcus luteus. Colony Morphology: irregular lobate flat opaque dull. growth, and against a wide range of bacterial attack (3, 4, 5). No = 0, Yes = 1, Extremophiles are organisms that live in extreme environments, as opposed to organisms that live in ATCC was used to determine the optimal temperature for storage. Micrococci may be distinguished from staphylococci by a modified oxidase test as shown below- Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 15(6):424-5. Efficacy of the disinfectants was tested against those isolates using agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test by broth dilution method using different dilutions of the disinfectants. capable of causing human disease) No = 0, Yes = 1, Does the species causes disease in plants? can be isolated from biological samples (taken from skin) using culture techniques (on agar media)(2,3). Actinomycetales -> Growth of micrococci may be significantly reduced at temperatures >45 °C, pH <6, and in high salt concentrations (>15%)(9). The lowest protease activities in both organisms were at pH 11. Former members of the genus Micrococcus, now assigned to other genera, include Arthrobacter agilis, Nesterenkonia halobia, Kocuria kristinae, K. rosea, K. varians, Kytococcus sedentarius, and Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis (1,2). halophiles, oligotrophs, and others. Micrococcus, Corynebacteria and Propionibacteria If the species was not widely studied, the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) was used to determine the optimal pH for storage. HOST RANGE: Humans(2,3), mammals, and some marine animals (including some fish, sharks, crustacean shellfish, shrimps, and prawns)(3). M. luteus has been reported as the causative agent in cases of intracranial abscesses, pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, and meningitis(2). Actinobacteria -> The activity of lysozyme is a function of both pH and ionic strength. neutral to slightly alkaline pH and within 60 to 80oC. extended history of safe usage and 4 being a species that can cause a very serious human disease, Micrococcus luteus. Bacteria-> Actinobacteria-> Actinobacteria-> Actinomycetales-> Micrococcaceae-> Micrococcus-> Micrococcus luteus-Optimal pH 37 Optimal Temerature 1 Pathogenicity Yes Antimicrobial Susceptibility No Spore Forming Yes Biofilm Forming Extremophile Extreme Environment Positive Gram Stain Yes Microbiome Location No Plant Pathogen - Animal Pathogen Copy Short URL. With one of the smallest genomes of free-living actinobacteria, it is found in a wide range of environments, but intraspecies genetic diversity and adaptation strategies to various environments remain unclear. Hirata Y, Sata M, Makiuchi Y, Morikane K, Wada A, Okabe N, Tomoike H. 2009. All the … This effect occurs within the complete pH range where lysozyme activity is detectable. One study (of 115 people) reports that up to 96% of people living in 18 states of USA carried micrococci, with the majority being M. luteus(3). However, CA from M. luteus was stable in the pH and temperature range of 7.5–10.0 and 35–55 °C, respectively. No = 0, Yes = 1, Is the species biofilm-forming? Actinobacteria -> No = 0, Yes = 1. The database ranks the pathogenicity of species on a scale of 1 to 4 - 1 being not Results . An obligate aerobe, M. luteus is found in soil, dust, water and air, and as part of the normal microbiota of the mammalian skin. M. luteus is most common and is found in nature and in clinical specimens. Their maximum protease productions were at pH 7 and 9, respectively for Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus species (1.23586 U/ml/min and 1.19804 U/ml/min, respectively). Colony Morphology: yellow round smooth umbonate opaque dull Cellular Morphology: coccus tetrads Gram-positive. If two far ranges of temperatures The pH of the M. luteus seeded Penassay Seed Agar was measured before and after 24 hours incubation at 30d̀ C and found to be 6.6 and 8.7, respectively. Penicillin acylse was more active against ampicillin. Newly discovered hazards are frequent and this information may not be completely up to date. Ԡ , U] F zV0 d & ]3 - Y tAQ 3 یLP. Micrococcus occurs in a wide range of environments, including water, dust, and soil. Fact Sheet: Micrococcus luteus Download PDF here. Micrococcus luteus. The pH optimum for most bacteria is between 6.5 and 7.5. According to Lieble (2002), lysozyme functions best at temperature ranges SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISINFECTANTS: Gram-positive bacteria are generally susceptible to a number of disinfectants, including phenolic compounds, hypochlorites (1% sodium hypochlorite), alcohols (70% ethanol), formaldehyde (18.5 g/L; 5% formalin in water), glutaraldehyde, iodines (0.075 g/L)(7). No = 0, Yes = 1, Is the species spore-forming? M. luteus has been reported as the causative agent in cases of intracranial abscesses, pneumonia, septic arthritis, endocarditis, and meningitis(2). Micrococcus (mi’ krō kŏk’ Əs) is a genus of bacteria in the Micrococcaceae family. Micrococcus species are strictly aerobic Gram positive cocci arranged in tetrads or irregular clusters, and cells range from 0.5 to 3 µm in diameter. Strain LW4(T) was aerobic and grew over the temperature range 26-34 degrees C and pH range 5-9, with optimal growth at 30.5-31.5 degrees C and pH 6.0-6.2. Microbial ecology of people Skin #3 Most relate to 4 phyla: Actinobacteria: Gram-positive bacteria e.g. belonging to a recognized group of disease-invoking agents in humans or animals and having an EPIDEMIOLOGY: Micrococcus spp. Users are responsible for ensuring they are compliant with all relevant acts, regulations, guidelines, and standards. It has also been isolated from … Note: Tang and Gillevet, propose to reclassify the ATCC 9341 strain as Kocuria rhizophila. It can grow at 45°C and in 10% Sodium Chloride. Habitat: Found on the skin of humans and other mammals. They can even survive in conditions that have very little of even no oxygen, using glycolysis and alternative electron acceptors to create ATP. They can be found in boiling hot springs; they can be found in frigid waters in the artic. Micrococcus spp. Staphylococcus spp. Soybean meal extract was the best nitrogen source for protease production whereas sucrose was the best carbon source. They do not survive well and die quickly in natural soil. Bacillus cereus. The kinetics of lysis of Micrococcus luteus by hen egg-white lysozyme in dilute buffer media is characterized by pronounced substrate inhibition. It can form in tetrads or irregular clusters but not in chains and belongs to the family Micrococcaceae. LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: No cases of laboratory-acquired infections have been reported to date. No immunological or biochemical detection techniques are currently available. They have also been isolated from blood and surgical specimens in some patients with coronary and infectious conditions(3). and closely related genera, occur worldwide and are ubiquitous. The optimal temperature at which this species grows. EPIDEMIOLOGY: Micrococcus spp. It will grow on a variety of media including Tryptic Soy Agar, Standard Methods Agar, Nutrient Agar, and Sheep Blood Agar. SURVIVAL OUTSIDE HOST: Micrococci are relatively resistant to drying and to moderate temperature changes(2). CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS: Containment Level 1 facilities, equipment, and operational practices for work involving infectious or potentially infectious materials. Intro: Microbes are everywhere, even in the most extreme environments and conditions. Results indicate that M. luteus is capable of lysing cells of V. harveyi. SPILLS: Allow aerosols to settle. CA from M. lylae retained 80 % stability in the pH and temperature range of 6.0–8.0 and 35–45 °C, respectively. FIRST AID/TREATMENT: Appropriate antibiotic therapy should be administered as required, treatment should be supportive. The extended preservation capacity up to pH 6.5 makes SA superior over other commonly used preservatives such as propionates and benzoates (6). A Gram-positive bacterial strain, designated YIM 56238 (T), was isolated from plant roots (Aquilaria sinensis), and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. If two far ranges of pH were determined, the average was taken. This risk group applies to the genus as a whole, and may not apply to every species within the genus. It is urease and catalase positive. Micrococci have Gram-positive spherical cells ranging from about 0.5 to 3 micrometers in diameter and typically appear in tetrads. If the species was not widely studied, the Although the information, opinions and recommendations contained in this Pathogen Safety Data Sheet are compiled from sources believed to be reliable, we accept no responsibility for the accuracy, sufficiency, or reliability or for any loss or injury resulting from the use of the information. REGULATORY INFORMATION: The import, transport, and use of pathogens in Canada is regulated under many regulatory bodies, including the Public Health Agency of Canada, Health Canada, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Environment Canada, and Transport Canada. List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature. RISK GROUP CLASSIFICATION: Risk Group 1(10). Note: All diagnostic methods are not necessarily available in all countries. One pH of 6.8 and fuchsia above a pH of 7.4. Canada. They usually occur in irregular clusters, tetrads, and pairs(2,3), where individual cells are about 1 to 1.8 µm in diameter(2) and are usually non-motile and non-spore-forming(3). CHARACTERISTICS: Micrococcus spp. Sccharomyces cerevisiae . STORAGE: The infectious agent should be stored in sealed containers that are appropriately labelled(11). are relatively susceptible to most antibiotics, including vancomycin, penicillin, gentamicin, and clindamycin, which have been successfully used for treating infections caused by these bacteria(2). M. morrhuae K-17 grows well in a synthetic medium (SM-1) which contains a number of salts, 0.21 M KCl, 2 M NaCl, D-mannose, five vitamins and ten amino acids. No = 0, Yes = 1, Does the species causes disease in animals? Ideal pH range 5-7 optimum pH is 6 Cannot withstand prolonged UV radiation Bright green metallic growth on EMB plate.

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