which type of leader allow complete delegation of authority mcq

(iv) Subordinates not developed for higher responsibilities. Free-rein leadership is also termed as laissez-faire leadership. ii. May give adverse results if subordinates are not fully committed and capable. This approach can get acceptable short term performance in many situations, but it has high human costs. Similarly, in the college, the principal does not interfere in the faculty teaching methods, but only assigns the courses to be taught. Scope of working independently and hence growing with maturity in process. He takes decision for the group without consulting the group members and simply tells the group what the members have to do. iii. Communication – One way communication, downward only. a) Max Weber. (iii)Where leader is willing to delegate authority and responsibility. c. They share the responsibility with the superior and try to safeguard him also. (ii) When the company wants to increase job satisfaction of employees. Leadership styles can be studied on the basis of: 1. This type of delegation is part of the normal functioning of the organization. This type of leadership may not work under all situations and with all types of subordinates. Multinational corporations not only bring technology with them but also bring work culture which is conducive for application of modern approach of management. Autocratic or Authoritarian Style Leader, 2. This style of leadership creates self-confidence in the subordinates and provides them an opportunity to develop their talents. All decisions, major or small, are taken by the leader and subordinates are forced to obey them without questioning. It helps subordinates to develop independent personalities. Participation of all team members to take decisions is a time-consuming process and may result in delays in decision-making. Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people. The choice of leadership style depends upon the immediate goal and on the subordinates. These organisations are managed by civil servants who have brought a lot of bureaucratic culture with them. Entrepreneurs and ‘intrapreneurs’ often use a leadership style that incor­porates the following behaviours: Entrepreneurs have stronger achievement motives than most managers. (i) Autocratic leadership style permits quick decision-making. The leader knows the problem but does not have all the information. The nature of various types of authority is discussed below: Type # 1. (c) Workers become more committed to changes that may be brought about by policy changes, since they themselves participated in bringing about these changes. 1. 2. This is also known as “participative leadership”. He leads mainly by persuasion and example in lieu of power, fear or status. (v) The quality of decisions is improved. 2. Structure (task orientation) – Leaders believe that they get results by consistently keeping people busy and urging them to produce more. Some supervisors with a strong need for ego fulfillment try to do all the work themselves so that they will receive personal credit from their supervisors. Negative leaders dominate people. There is a free flow of communication, rather more often an upward communication is observed. Structured, task oriented leaders; on the other hand, believe that they get results by keeping people constantly busy, ignoring personal issues and emotions and crying them to produce. Disclaimer He dominates and drives his group through coercion and command. The Bottom Line The successful delegation of authority as a leadership style takes time and energy, but it's worth the time and energy to help employee involvement and employee empowerment succeed as a leadership style. They emphasize that the leadership style consists of factors of both the task-oriented and relation- oriented behaviour in varying degrees. Which among the following is not a quality for a leader? Negative motivation includes imposing penalty, criticizing subordinates and so on. Line managers may be defined as the authority of […] The various factors affecting the degree to which a style is appropriate are flexible enough to alter the style of an organisation, the nature of the task to be performed, the characteristics of the individuals in the leader’s team (the followers) and of the group as a whole and, importantly, the personality of the leader. ii. Entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs are always in a hurry. Some people in the organization want minimum interaction with their superiors or associates. Autocratic, Consultive and Participative Leaders: Consultive leaders approach one or more employees and ask them for inputs prior to make a decision. (a) Active participation in decision-making by the employees ensures greater productivity and satisfaction. This is a quick quiz to help you test your understanding of basic delegation skills. Democratic approach may dilute the quality of expertise involved in decision-making. Another drawback is that it does not help develop future leaders in the organisation. The implications of this model are – status differentials, class distinctions and impersonal relationships which work against participative style. The leader can be effective in getting efficiency in many situations. Allow employee to speak for the others involved. Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative). In truth there is no such thing as an ideal leadership style. 20 Easy Home Office Organization Ideas to Boost Your Productivity. (v) New ideas and initiatives are not encouraged. Autocratic style has also proved successful in cases when there is a need of quick decisions. (v) Complaints, grievances and industrial unrest is contained. Bureaucratic or Rules-Centered Leadership: Leadership Styles – In Indian Organisations (, PreserveArticles.com: Preserving Your Articles for Eternity, Short note on the Autocratic or dictatorial leadership. Their concern for phrase has been used to convey how managers are concerned about people or production, rather than how much production is getting out of the group. Most of the public sector organisations have been working under different government departments. These types of leaders just create an environment for getting the tasks done. No deviation of set principles is allowed under all situations. 4. This style of functioning may not be workable for long. Autocratic-Participative-Free-Rein Leadership, 1. (i) It creates self confidence in subordinates. (iii) Full potential of subordinates and their creative ideas are not utilised. Our mission is to liberate knowledge. i. ii. Similarly, he may adopt participative style and so on. (i) This style of leadership may not work under all situations. As a result, development of future leaders in the organization is hindered. 3. Autocratic leader wants his subordinate to work in the manner he wants. Privacy Policy (c) It is very suitable where people are highly motivated and achievement oriented. No suggestions or initiative from subordinates is entertained. He centralizes decision-making power in himself. i. Country-club leadership style is also known as accommodating style. Accountability refers to the management philosophy whereby individuals are held liable, or accountable, for how well they use their authority and live up to their responsibility of performing predetermined activities. Frustration, low morale, and conflict develop in the organization jeopardizing the organizational efficiency. The complex nature of an organization requires a thorough understanding of its problems, which lower level employees may not be able to do. In this post, you will learn about the meaning, and principles of delegation of authority. (i) When co-operation of employees is needed urgently for a specific task. It originates from the superior-subordinate relationship in the organisation. A leader practising this style is called democratic leader. In particular, subordinates who depend upon the boss and do not want to take any initiative get satisfaction from this style. Participative leadership involves all team members both in terms of identification of goals as well as devising policies and strategies to achieve such goals. A participative manager decentralizes the decision-making process. Team Leadership Style – It refers to the style in which leaders focus on both the needs of subordinates and production. They are bosses more than a leader. (iv) Provides positive results when things need to be done with speed. Leadership patterns differ widely among leaders. v. Pacesetting — sets high standards (to be used to get fast results from a motivated team). 4 basic leadership styles in the decision-making process. i. He leads by the use of fear, threats, rewards and punishments. (iii) Subordinates may move in different directions and may work at cross purposes which may degenerate into chaos. Tendency to Act Quickly When Opportunity Arises: Entrepreneurs are noted for seizing opportunities when they arise. A leader can be autocratic in one situation or democratic in another. Specifically, they have the ability to identify a problem and arrive at a solution. Leaders with authoritative behavioural pattern motivate subordinates with the tools of punishments, threats and penalties. Responsibility: This is the obligation a subordinate has to successfully complete the duties they are assigned. (i) Decisions are taken after consulting subordinates. (iv) Organisational continuity is threatened in the absence of the leader because subordinates get no opportunity for development. The leadership styles may be classified on the following bases: The use of authority is an important basis of classification of leadership styles or the leaders. The free-rein leader avoids power and relinquishes the leadership position. iii. i. (ii) It may not yield positive results when subordinates prefer minimum interaction with the leader. The free rein manager avoids using power. These types of leaders believe in sharing ideas with their subordinates. A leader is known by the style he adopts in inspiring, guiding and influencing the subordinates. Rewards include both monetary and non-monetary incentives. The common methods adopted are democratic functioning, supervision, production, committees, suggestion programmes, and multiple-management. Hence, this style is very rarely used in business organizations. All decisions are taken on the basis of rules and regulations. This type of leader acts as a fatherly figure and assumes that only he is in the knowledge of things and is the right person to take decisions. Forms 6. But when the goal is job satisfaction and employees have a high need for independence, consultative style may be more effective. But there is a limit to the degree of flexibility that should be used. Better employee education, greater demand for independence and other factors have made satisfactory employee motivation more dependent on positive leadership. (i) Power dimension where the superior uses varying degree of authority; According to this dimension, there are three leadership styles: This is also known as the authoritarian directive or monotheistic style. Such leadership can be employed with success where subordinates are competent, sincere and self-disciplined. Behavioural pattern adopted by a leader while influencing his followers is called as a leadership style. A democratic leader provides freedom of thinking and expression. vii. How to Attract Like-Minded People to Inspire You. (vi) Control is exercised with less interference and supervision. The rest is that all these organisations are governed by the bureaucratic model. He uses rewards and holds threat of penalties to direct the subordinates. No Delegation of Total Authority; A manager cannot delegate his/her total authority to the subordinates. Motivation technique – Reward and involvement (positive motivation). The leader will then delegate the responsibilities to his or her followers in order to complete the task at hand. 2. Communication – Two way communication. iv. Leadership style varies from person to person at the same point of time and may also vary from one situation to another situation by the same leader. a. It increases the acceptance of management’s ideas and reduces resistance to change. The Delegation of Authority is a process through which manager assigns responsibility among the subordinate with a certain level of authority, i.e. Consideration (employee orientation) – Leaders are concerned about human needs of their employees. Motivation technique – Self motivation, self-direction. 6. Under positive approach to leadership style, the leader induces, influences and directs the subordinates by offering rewards. In general, democratic leaders may have to shift into more of a directive mode when faced with a crisis, but they make clear what they are doing and why. Principles. It also leads to reduction in the number of grievances of the workers. Many successful entrepreneurs are people who were frustrated by the constraints of a bureaucratic system. A paternalistic leader is like a father figure to the subordinates. It helps them understand why they get the reaction that they do from their subordinates. (ii) When the projects are of short durations. (ii) Applicable only when subordinates are competent. b. Using this style is of mutual benefit to both, leader and the followers. Some leaders are very task oriented, some are people oriented; whereas, some are the combination of the two. The five styles of leadership according to managerial grid are as follows: i. Under this type of leadership, maximum freedom is allowed to subordinates. ... Managers should consider the 5 Levels of Authority when delegating a task to a direct report. Building a business is an excellent vehicle for accomplishment. He is merely the formal head of the organisation and is generally disliked by the subordinates. There is no leadership at all and complete freedom is given to employees to set their individual goals. Autocratic or Authoritarian Leadership 2. Efficiency results from arranging work in such a way that human elements have little effect. These days autocratic style is becoming less desirable as employees are becoming more educated and well-organised. It is a type of leadership where everything is influenced by rules, regulations and procedures. Autocratic leader have proved to be successful in many cases. Behavior style is further sub-divided into five styles of leadership, based on the managerial grid model. Team leadership style is also called the sound style. Participation is defined as the mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation that encourages him to contribute to and share responsibility in group goals. Consultative leadership is considered to be more effective than autocratic style through there is no empirical proof for this. Here, the leadership may be negative because the followers are uniformed, insecure, and afraid of the leaders’ authority. Role of leader – Directs all activities. He has given a continuum of four systems of management. 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(iii) Creativity and potential of subordinates is not utilised. Democratic leadership style is also termed as participative, or consultative style. vi. Blake and Mouton have described the five styles as follows: i. It is the delegation by one individual to another of the right to act, to make decisions, to requisition resources, to direct others to act and to perform other tasks in order to fulfill the job responsibilities. In this type of leadership, ample freedom of opinion is given to subordinates and two-way communication is encouraged. Most leaders do not strictly use one style or another but are somewhere on a continuum ranging from extremely positive to extremely negative. Some of the leadership styles are: 1. Misused, looked on as an escape hatch through which the leader can lessen responsibility. Delegation does not mean that manager give up his authority, but certainly he shares some authority with the subordinate essential to complete the responsibility entrusted to him. Delegation of authority – Delegation of authority as per needs. The autocratic leader thinks that his followers are incapable of making decision. An autocratic leader is, in fact, no leader. Participative or democratic leadership. (i) Consultative leadership improves the job satisfaction and morale of subordinates. 1. 2. The managerial grid is a useful device for managers to identify and classify managerial styles. The free-rein leader avoids power and relinquishes the leadership position. The Delegation of Authority is an organizational process wherein, the manager divides his work among the subordinates and give them the responsibility to accomplish the respective tasks. Check your understanding of delegation in office management and its related vocabulary. Process 5. This style of leadership is affective only if subordinates are highly committed and capable enough to take wise decisions solely. (ii) Provides opportunity to subordinates to develop their talent. Entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs, at their best, are visionaries. Some entrepreneurs are gracious to customers and moneylenders but brusque/ with company insiders. A consultative or democratic leader takes decisions in consultation and participation with the subordinates. Subordinates are encouraged to make suggestions and take inititative. A leader is not expected to know everything — this is why he employs knowledgeable and skillful employees. He is represented by the chairman of the board who leaves all responsibility for most of the work to his subordinates. (ii) Decisions are taken in a framework of rules and procedures. (vi) There are delays in taking decisions. However, the contribution of the manager is almost nil. 3. Least intervention of leader increases morale and job satisfaction of employees. A leader practising this style is known as free-rein leader. If the manager is successful over time, all employees will eventually perform at level 5. There is a difference in ways leaders approach their employees. Decision making – Subordinates take decisions themselves. iv. Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative). For when you’re short on time but the task at hand is highly important, intervention is the way to go. (b) Workers develop a greater sense of self-esteem, due to importance given to their ideas and their contribution. It is, further, believed that suitable reward system induces the people in the enterprise to work hard and thereby the organisational goals are attained efficiently and effectively. 3. As such, participation does not remain meaningful. One of the many skills necessary to be a great leader in business is the art of delegation. Use participative style with a team of workers who know their job. c. There is more dependence and less individuality in the organization. Concern for production includes the leaders who are very task oriented, whereas concern for people includes the leaders who are very people oriented. Which type of leader allow complete delegation of authority ? (i) Leads to low morale and frustration among employees. Meaning of Delegation 2. Laissez-Fare or Free-Rain Style Leader. Under this style the leader tries to achieve organisational goals by exploiting the weak points of employees. b. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Paper 1 – Fundamentals of Organization and Management (Syllabus 2008) The Institute of Cost Accountants of India (Statutory Body under an Act of Parliament) Page 4 (d) Operations research. Over dependence on rules and procedures brings red tapism in the working. Impoverished Leadership Style- Involves the sluggish approach of a leader who has little concern for both production and people. If the inputs are seen as used, employees are likely to feel as though they had a positive impact, if the inputs are consistently rejected; employees are likely to feel that their time has been wasted. Concern for production means the attitude of superiors towards a variety of things, such as the quality of policy decisions; procedures and processes; creativeness of research; quality of staff services; work efficiency; and the volume of output. Thereafter, everything is left to the subordinates. (i) Subordinates do not get the guidance and support of the leader. What a manager’s style is will be influenced by many factors, including the superior, the kind of subordinates he supervises, and the situation in which he finds himself. Delegation of authority – Complete delegation of authority. A Laissez fair leader gives full freedom to his followers to act. Free-rein style may be appropriate when the subordinates are well-trained, highly knowledgeable, self-motivated and ready to assume responsibility. Leaders approach people to motivate them in many ways. (vi) Labour absenteeism and labour turnover are reduced. This type of leader ranges from the person who does not take action without subordinates’ concurrence to the one who makes decisions but consults with subordinates before doing so.”. The team environment created in this style results in high satisfaction of subordinates and high production. Likert’s four systems of management in terms of leadership styles may be referred to as exploitative autocratic (system 1), benevolent autocratic (system 2), and participative (system 3). Adequate performance through the balance of work requirements and the maintenance of satisfactory morale. Thus, when a superior assigns some work to any subordinate, it becomes his responsibility to perform it and becomes accountable for it. An autocratic leader may also follow, positive style of using his power to disburse (to pay money) rewards to the subordinates. The behavioural pattern which a leader exhibits is known as his style of leadership. Delegation of authority is an important managerial practice of getting things done through others by sharing authority with them. 5. There is evidence that leaders who are considerate in their leadership style are high performers and more satisfied with their job. Participative or Democratic Leadership. iii. He dominates the group and gives orders with an expectation of fulfillment without any queries. Further, leaders are also prepared to take organizational positions. (iii) Positive effect on morale and job satisfaction of subordinates. One of the most widely known approaches of leadership styles is the managerial grid developed by Blake and Mouton. The leader cannot do everything. Yet, they do not like to be restrained by tight regulations. If leaders have the time and want to gain commitment and motivation from the employees, they should use the participative style. (iv) It develops positive attitudes and reduces resistance to change. Participative leader also called as democratic leader invites inputs from the subordinates on company issues before taking any decision. Such a leader always thinks of the tasks he has undertaken and spends most of his time finding out ways and means of doing it better. Employees generally resent this type of leadership. How to Not Give up and Stay Motivated. As a result, entrepreneurs are often perceived as charismatic. The following forces influence the style to be used: b. This style is suitable to certain situations where the manager can leave a choice to his group. However, the leader remains responsible for the decisions that are made by employees. There are normally three styles of leadership: Good leaders use all the three styles of leadership, though, however, only one of them dominates at a point of time. The manager must have complete and accurate information about costs, in a form which is meaningful to him, on items he can really control. (i) Autocratic style leads to frustration, low morale and conflict among subordinates. They try to build teamwork, provide psychological support and help employees with their personal problems. He assumes that the subordinates should be kept busy in work. Rensis Likert’s Contribution to Management! The behaviour pattern exhibited by a leader while influencing the followers is known as leadership style. Under this style, the leader induces the people to hard work on the basis of fear, threats, etc. Mutual trust and confidence is also created resulting in job satisfaction and improved morale of workers. Negative leaders pose themselves superior to others and, thus, act as the boss rather than leader. Indian organisations can be classified into following three categories: (i) Family managed traditional organisations. 2. This is not the authoritarian style rather it is an abusive unprofessional style called bossing people around which has no place in a leader’s profile. The possible advantage of free-rein style of leadership is as under: (a) It creates an environment of freedom, individuality as well as team spirit. Though there are different types of leadership styles, it is not necessary that the leader follows only one style. They are given free- hand in deciding their own policies and methods and take their own decisions. Each style points out the relative contents of concern for production or people and implies that the most desirable leader behaviour is 9.9 (maximum concern for production and people). However, this style has the following limitations: a. This leadership style does not allow individuals to be creative and imaginative. Orientation. This style may also be desirable when the company endorses fear and punishment as accepted disciplinary techniques.

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