motif window manager configuration

Most windows can be removed in ways that do not harm relevant processes. Notice that the first item available for selection (indicated by the surrounding box) is Move. Figure C-14 shows it appearing. As we’ll see, certain menu functions apply only to one or the other. The pointer changes to the arrow cursor. The GDM daemon is configured using the /gdm/custom.conf file. Since the default .mwmrc file has only one set of key bindings, named DefaultKeyBindings, and the keyBindings resource also sets this by default, coordination should not be an issue unless you create a new set of key bindings with a different name. If menu is specified, the resource is applied only to mwm menus; if icon is specified, the resource is applied to icons; and if 2. Using an other style, with smaller windows decorations. Simply moving the pointer across a screenful of windows can create a distracting shuffling effect! One client-specific resource users might be interested in is called focusAutoRaise. (Keyboard focus is described in Chapter 1, An Introduction to the X Window System.) Menu panes can be used for the window menu and other menus posted with key bindings and button bindings. To restore a maximized window: 2. It indicates that the event of pressing down the first pointer button while the pointer is in a window frame or an icon performs the action of raising the window or icon, respectively. (This is still quite a lot to absorb.) By default, mwm has explicit (or click-to-type) focus, which is set using the following resource: To change the keyboard focus policy from explicit to pointer focus (that is, focus follows the movement of the pointer), enter the following line in your .Xresources file: One of the most interesting (and desirable) features mwm can provide is a window in which icons can be organized on the display. If you set the focus policy to pointer, we suggest you also set focusAutoRaise to false, as in the following example: Since an application name is omitted from this resource specification, it applies to all clients. (If you learn the keyboard shortcuts for this menu item, you may not need the Window Menu to manipulate windows at all.) You define a submenu just as you would any other, using the syntax rules discussed earlier. The most common resource users will probably want to set controls mwm’s keyboard focus policy. 12.2 Installation of a simple window manager: mwm. Window manager configuration. Selecting the item invokes the f.move function. If you add the following resource specification to your .Xresources file, MyButtonBindings replace DefaultButtonBindings for all client applications running with mwm: If you want to use different sets of bindings for different applications, you can add an application name between the parts of the resource specification. lowerOnIconify resource. mwm can also be set up to place icons in another location, to allow you to place them interactively using the pointer, or to organize icons within a window known as an icon box. Mwm is the resource class name of mwm and mwm is the default resource name used by mwm to look up resources. By default, mwm uses explicit (click-to-type) focus. An xterm window running with the OSF/Motif window manager. Like twm, the Motif window manager allows you to invoke window manipulation functions in a variety of ways: •   Using the window “frame” and various features available on it: the Minimize (iconify) button, Maximize button, title area, Window Menu, etc. You can set up mwm to provide an icon box automatically by specifying the following resource in your .Xresources file: If this resource is included in your .Xresources file (and the resources have been loaded as described in Chapter 9, Setting Resources), mwm will provide an icon box when it is started (or restarted). Pressing mouse button 3 when the pointer is over an icon causes the menu for that icon to pop up. If windows and/or icons are stacked on your display, this command moves the bottom window or icon in the stack to the top (raises it). mwm attempts to create a three-dimensional appearance, which is somewhat more aesthetic than the look provided by many other window managers. However, if you change the focus policy to pointer focus (as we’ll describe in the following section), having focusAutoRaise on can make the display seem chaotic. The following sections explain how each of the Window Menu items works. Though this function cannot be performed by clicking the pointer on the frame, it can be invoked using the keyboard shortcut Alt-F3. 2. File Manager (Super User Mode) 3. The action is performed. Under these categories fall dozens of mwm resources. Select the Size item by clicking on it with the first pointer button, or by typing the letter s. The menu disappears. The actual location of the Secure and scalable deployment of applications, software updates, and operating systems. MiniWin is a generic open source overlapped window manager for small embedded systems with a touch screen. It comes with a taskbar with pager, global and per-window keybindings and a dynamic menu system. To convert a maximized window back to its original size, click on the Maximize button again with the first pointer button. The file names /usr/share/X11/app-defaults/Mwm and $HOME/Mwm represent customary locations for these files. We’ll just consider some basic categories into which mwm resources can be divided and also look at some of the more useful resources. The mnemonic “m” or the accelerator key combination Alt-F7 can also be used to invoke the function. For example, you can generally remove an xterm window by typing the same command you use to log off the system. See the mwm reference page in your OSF/Motif documentation for descriptions of all available resources. Pressing For example, if you want My-ButtonBindings to apply only to xterm windows running with mwm, you could enter the following resource line: Then DefaultButtonBindings would still apply to all applications other than xterm. Six of the seven items on the Window Menu (all but Lower) allow you to perform functions that can also be performed by simple pointer actions on the mwm window frame. If you omit an application name, the resource applies to all clients. The system.mwmrc file, Release 1.0. In the remainder of this appendix, we’re going to demonstrate the basics of customizing mwm and suggest what we think are helpful modifications. Figure C-4 shows a window being converted to an icon in this way. Button actions apply whenever the 6. Notice that the frame is divided by small lines into eight sections: four long borders (two horizontal and two vertical) and four comers. You can raise a window that is obscured by other windows to the top of the stack using the mwm frame. Obviously, Minimize cannot be used to iconify an icon. To display the Root Menu, move the pointer to the root window and press and hold down the first pointer button. This powerful command is separated from the other menu items by a horizontal line to prevent you from inadvertently closing a window. For example, top right indicates that icons should be placed top to bottom on the screen The Motif window manager can be considered to be made up of components: client window frames, menus, icons, and what are known as feedback boxes. (You could spend quite a long time customizing mwm in this way, if you had the time and inclination!) Purpose of a desktop environment is to provide a coherent suite of applications in terms of look, functionality, and usability. Then we’ll take a look at perhaps the most distinguishing feature of mwm: the frame it places around all windows on the display. The mwm window manager uses the environment variable MWMSHELL (or SHELL, if MWMSHELL is not set), specifying the shell to Windows secara default sendiri sudahlah cukup cepat dalam loading ke dalam sistem operasinya, tapi seiring bertambahnya waktu maka akan banyak software yang diinstall dan kadang bisa menambah waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk proses startup setiap kali masuk ke Windows. The mwm window manager reads the $HOME/.motifbind file if it exists to install a virtual key bindings property on the root window. The menu contains the following selections: Double-clicking button 1 on an icon invokes the f.restore_and_raise function and restores the icon's associated window to its previous state. Most window managers are designed to help provide a desktop environment. The window frame itself and several features of it are tools that allow you to manipulate the window using the pointer. The The Maximize function can also be invoked using the keyboard shortcut Alt-F10. Move the pointer from within the window to the border or comer you want to move. The window is maximized. To select an item, use the following steps: 1. Openbox — Highly configurable, next generation window manager with extensive standards support. It is written in compliant C99 and is easily portable. In addition to manipulating windows, mwm provides several easy methods for manipulating icons. See “Activating Changes to the Window Manager” for information about running mwm with the new resource settings. (As we’ll see when we look at customization, this behavior is controlled by an mwm resource variable called autoFocusRaise, which is true by default.). If you have never used a window manager before, first read Chapter 1, An Introduction to the X Window System, for a conceptual overview of what a window manager does. The Maximize button allows you to enlarge the window to the size of the root window, and once it has been enlarged, to convert it back to its original size. Once you’ve arranged them as you like, you resize the box to fit the icons—or perhaps make it even smaller and view the obscured icons using the scrollbars. To modify the behavior of mwm, you can edit a copy of this file in your home directory. Install the icewmpackage. The following functions can be invoked using simple pointer button actions on an icon: You can also display the Window Menu from an icon and invoke menu items that affect it. The menu_name is generally paired with a pointer button action (in the button bindings section of the .mwmrc file) to allow you to use a particular button to display the menu. If there are more screens than names, resources for the remaining screens will be retrieved using the first Since manipulating a window using the frame is very simple and accessible, you will probably not use the Window Menu often. The Window Menu can be displayed either from a window or from its icon. As we’ll see, the function f.menu is used to associate a menu with the key or button binding that is used to display it The f.menu function takes a required argument: the menu name. When you begin to move the window, the pointer changes to a cross arrow pointer and a window outline appears. To the right of the Minimize command button (in the upper right comer of the window), the Maximize command button is identified by a larger square in its center. This appendix describes the OSF/MotifTM window manager, mwm, one of the more popular window managers in the X market today. user-specific class resource file may depend on the XUSERFILESEARCHPATH and XAPPLRESDIR environment variables and the current language The key actions defined in the previous table size, icon/normal display, and input-focus ownership. If you’ve clicked the first pointer button to display the menu (the easier method), the first item that is available for selection is highlighted by a box. LANG, and HOME in determining search paths for resource defaults files. Each item is defined by a line of this format: When you pair a label with a menu function, that label appears as a menu item.

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